Saturday, June 27, 2009

Saturday and still talking short sales


This has been another busy week of dealing with short sales and lender negotiators so I am using Saturday to catch up a bit on my blogging. I just published my weekly column over at Rocklin & Roseville Today, “Getting Short Sales Done in Sacramento.” Check it out if you want to get a small taste of what it takes to negotiate a successful short sale.

We are continuing to be busy at MagnumOne Realty and are dealing with a nice group of buyer and seller clients. The market for homes priced under $300,000 is very active. Homes in that price range which show well are very hard to get into contract if you are representing the buyer. More often than not, they are getting multiple offers and being sold over the asking price. One of our agents who was showing homes priced around $200,000 has made seven offers over the past month for the same buyer and is still looking. Buyers in the higher price ranges appear to be much more price sensitive. They won’t even look until they believe the asking price is a bargain but when the price is lowered to “bargain level” then they have to deal with other buyers and multiple offer situations. Hint to buyers (particularly on short sale listings): go look at homes that interest you regardless of the asking price. If you like it make an offer of what you are willing to pay. You may be surprised to get it accepted.

If you have any questions or just want to talk about short sales, buying or selling, call me at (916) 290-9339 or send me an email to juliej@jalone.com.

The picture in this post is one of several Michael took on Father’s Day when we discovered a field of sunflowers in Sacramento. If you want to see more click, Sunflowers on Father’s Day.

Thursday, June 18, 2009

The Ugly Side of Short Sales

I have recently been writing about the benefits of short sales in my weekly column at Rocklin & Roseville Today which is also carried over at Sacramento Today. The column today was, “Sacramento Short Sales – Good for All.” I really do believe short sales are win-win transactions where more than just the homeowner and lender benefit but there is an ugly side of short sales too.

Our team at MagnumOne Realty has been successfully completing short sales for the past three years. We have worked with almost every lender, we know what we are doing, have a strong process and we believe have a great reputation for getting them done. When you read my column today and I explain the benefits to the lender in accepting a short sale you would have to believe that our job as Realtors in working with lenders would be easy. That is so wrong!

Dealing with the lenders can be a nightmare and we treated as the enemy by most. The employees we deal with at the lenders for the most part treat us as if we are stealing money from them and should not be trusted.

I do understand that lenders are only as good as their employees and with the growth of short sales they have not been able to keep up and many of their employees are swamped with work. We were recently told that when Bank of America took over Countrywide they increased the file load on the short sale negotiators by more than 100 percent. Each negotiator now must follow 350 files. It doesn’t take a rocket scientist to figure out not much time can be given to a request.

Our experience with BofA/Countrywide is horrible. They misplace faxed information; they make you wait on hold when you call to get updates, of which they generally don’t have. They tell you not to call back until some date in the future that is beyond the trustee sale date and the thing that frustrates me the most is the inconsistent messages. We called to get an update on Monday and were told by the CSR that there were no new notes from the negotiator for the past 30-days so we could escalate the file to get attention. Naturally we agreed and were told to call back on Tuesday afternoon because it would take 24 hours to get a status update placed in the file notes. On Tuesday afternoon we called to get the update but were told escalations can take up to 48 hours and to call back tomorrow. On Wednesday, believe it or not, there was no update and we were told escalations can take up to five days so call back next Monday. Clearly their process is broken, there appears to be no effort to improve and it is almost impossible to find anyone who seems to care.

Some are better and a few even worse than BofA/Countrywide but the bottom line is most lenders have not figured out the cost/benefit of short sales and lose money every day by not adding staff and resources to their short sale departments. It makes our job of helping them and our client much more difficult.

If you are a Realtor or someone who deals with lenders on short sales, I’d love to share your stories here. Send them to me at juliej@jalone.com. Later this week I’ll write about some of the other lenders worse than BofA and a strange process at Wells Fargo.

Tuesday, June 2, 2009

Short Sales as a Financial Tool


With local schools getting out for the summer this and next week we should see an increase in the already busy Sacramento real estate market. Unfortunately much of this will be more short sales as more and more homeowners who owe more on their homes than they are worth realize getting out from under the debt and starting over makes sound financial sense. Homeowners who used 100 percent financing options or refinanced to pull all their equity out a few years ago are beginning to understand that it may be years before their house is worth what they owe. Add to this a financial hardship such as loss of a job or divorce and you have the perfect ingredients for a short sale and a fresh start.

If you or someone you know owns a home and owes more than the current value of the property give me a call at 916 290-9339 or drop me an email to juliej@jalone.com. We may be able to help you.

Over the past month there has been a consistent rumor floating around saying there is a huge number of bank owned properties that have not come to the market but will in June. Check out my column, “Rumors dampen Sacramento area Real Estate” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today for the details.

Tuesday, May 12, 2009

Getting Help to Achieve the American Dream

The first-time home buyer tax credit of up to $8,000 can be a significant help during the remainder of 2009 for buyers who have not owned a home in the previous three years. Check out my column, “First time home buyer’s tax credit,” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today for the details of the program. I believe this is a good program and will help not only to revitalize our Sacramento real estate market but will help buyers get their first home.

Monday, May 11, 2009

Sacramento Short Sales

We are beginning to see short sale junior lenders flexing their muscle. A year ago you could count on the junior lender to pretty much roll over and take whatever allowance the senior lender allotted to them for their lien release. Now, they are holding out for more money and most are asking for the borrower to sign a letter saying they will remain responsible for any shortfall amount.

Trying to help struggling Sacramento homeowners avoid foreclosure by modification of their mortgage or a short sale is more difficult than it should be. Every time the government comes up with a program or an incentive the lenders quickly figure out how to get the money without helping the borrower and essentially avoiding the primary objective of the program, which is to help the homeowner.

We are continuing to do our best to help homeowners avoid foreclosure but it is taking more time, energy and all of our experience to make it work. If you or someone you know is having trouble making their monthly mortgage have them call us soon if they are behind in their payments.

Tuesday, April 28, 2009

Worst to best with a flaw

Two years ago when a client told me they wanted me to short sale their home and their lender was Wells Fargo, I would visibly cringe. Dealing with Wells Fargo in those days was a nightmare. They didn’t have sufficient staffing to handle the requests, their process was weak and it took so long that when you got the approval the buyer had moved on so you had to start all over and nobody at Wells cared. Today they are one of the fastest, they make status update calls to you and often you can deal with the negotiator through email.

There flaw is bizarre. When they have more than one loan on a property they have not figured out how to let one negotiator manage their interest. You have to deal with two different departments, each with their own interest so they double the work for themselves and believe it or not the junior lien holder part of Wells Fargo often kills the deal because they demand more money than the other department is willing to pay for the lien release. They should be embarrassed!

If you want to read more about short sale negotiations, check out my weekly real estate column, “Getting Short Sales Done,” over at Rocklin and Roseville Today and reprinted at Sacramento Today.

Thursday, April 23, 2009

Loan Mods and Good to Be Back

It seems like almost daily I am talking to a homeowner about short sales. When they are asking me to help them short sale their house to avoid foreclosure I always ask them if they tried getting a loan modification to stay in the house. The most common answer is that they called their current lender who politely said they were not interested. Okay, maybe it wasn’t so polite but they at least said call a Realtor and request a short sale. There are other avenues for help besides the current lender.

If you or someone you know is having trouble making their monthly mortgage payments and wants to keep their home, have them check out my column, “Homeowners, do you need to help?” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today and republished at Sacramento Today.

Other news: Over the past month my posts to the blog have not been as regular as I would like and although I have been busy it is because I have been focused on some other business issues that have now been successfully resolved and I am, again, committed to posting more frequently. For those of you who have sent me emails or called me, thank you very much and I appreciate your interest and very happy to know I have some loyal readers.

Wednesday, April 15, 2009

Kentuckyanna

It is always fun to get away for a few days and even better when you return and appreciate home. Last week we traveled to Elizabethtown, Kentucky to visit Michael’s son Mark and his family. I enjoyed spending time with them and seeing Kentucky.

I heard about the terrible ice storm they had this past winter but until I saw the devastation it caused I didn’t understand the impact. Kentucky is trees; almost every road is cut through a forest of trees or rolling green hills surrounded by trees. Almost every one of those trees was damaged. Now you see broken limbs jutting out in odd directions or piled high on the ground. The cleanup is going to take a long time and the effects will be seen for many years to come.

We did do some work on the Bourbon Trail and I enjoyed that but they need to learn from California wineries how to do tastings! I am not much of a bourbon drinker so was interested in learning what I tasted and why I enjoyed one more than another. Hard to do when you drive for 30 minutes and get one sip.

The real estate market where I was in Northern Kentucky or “Kentuckyanna” is doing alright. They didn’t have the huge run-up in the early 2000’s so have not seen the kind of large price declines we have had here in the Sacramento area. Interestingly, people there seem to take a longer view of real estate and their home values. They are not as concerned about the value today, because they, on average, live in the same house longer than we do in California.

Wednesday, April 1, 2009

More Good News for 1st Time Buyers


Starting tomorrow the California Association of Realtors will start a new program to help first time buyers who are worried about the economy and not being able to make their mortgage payment if they lose their job.


The program, C.A.R. Housing Affordability Fund Mortgage Protection Program is designed to give these new homeowners some peace of mind by providing them with up to $1,500 per month for up to six months in the event of a job loss. In addition a co-buyer can participate for a reduced benefit of $750 per month for up to six months in the event of a job loss. C.A.R. is spending $1 million on the program and estimates it could benefit as many as 3,000 families in 2009.


To qualify for the program the applicant must:
· Be a first-time home buyer – someone who has not owned a home in the last three years
· Open escrow April 2, 2009, or later, and close on or before Dec. 31, 2009
· Use a California REALTOR® in the transaction
· Purchase the property in California
· Be a W-2 employee (cannot be self-employed or military personnel)

If you are interested in this program please let me know, I can get you more information and an application. You can reach me at (916) 290-9339 or by email at juliej@jalone.com.

By the way, there is no cost to the home buyer to participate in this program.

If I had only known

These are words we never want to hear ourselves saying, especially as it relates to selling your home. I recently met a former homeowner who now has a very nasty tax issue as a result of not understanding the consequences of debt forgiven by a lender when they completed a short sale. Unfortunately he was not using an agent who had much experience. The agent told him about the law passed in 2007 which allows the IRS not to count debt forgiven by a mortgage lender as income. She did the right thing and told her client to talk to an accountant but she appeared knowledgeable and he confirmed with a friend that this was true so completed the transaction. This happens every day and if you or someone you know is considering a short sale please read my column, “Important Short Fall Lessons,” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today. It can also be found at Sacramento Today.

You have to love this spring weather; it makes me want to be outside. Home buyers are out and as the days get longer we can look at more than one house “after work.” I have been working with several buyers over the past few weeks and it never ceases to amaze me at how many homes end up with multiple offers in a market where we clearly have too many listings. Houses that are well maintained show well and when priced right sell quickly. The days when a buyer could think about making an offer for a week or two are gone!

Friday, March 20, 2009

Sacramento Homeowners Beware!

I have been hearing several different foreclosure rescue scams at work here in the Sacramento area. The perpetrators of the scam are approaching financially distressed homeowners and promising to help them stay in their homes and avoid foreclosure. I found and posted some warning signs of “foreclosure scams” to be aware of on the Real Estate News page at my jalone.com website. In addition there is a list of legitimate organization that are helping homeowners and where you can report anyone who you believe is out to make money at your expense. Remember, if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is not true.

Although the forecast is for rain tomorrow, today is bright, sunny and warm so get outside and enjoy the early spring weather. Good-bye winter!

Tuesday, March 17, 2009

Should you walk away?

If your home is worth less than you owe, the payments are killing you and have a lender who refuses to help what will happen if you walk away? Walking away is letting the bank foreclose, giving them the keys or avoiding a foreclosure by doing a short sale. If you do one of these things how bad will it be for you? Will you get sued by your bank? Will you ever be able to get credit again? How much will Uncle Sam and the IRS want from you? It may not be as bad as you imagine. Check out my weekly column, “What are the consequences of walking away?” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today and find out.

Other Items: Happy St. Patrick’s Day! I hope you have the luck of the Irish today and all year long!

I have been reading reports about a new California bill that may require banks to wait longer before foreclosing on mortgage obligations. Last year it was taking some banks up to 9 months before they even started the foreclosure process. Today they are responding much faster to delinquent loans so this bill may be helpful to Sacramento homeowners who want to qualify for a loan modification, refinance program or who want to avoid foreclosure by doing a short sale. Check back in the next day or so and I will provide more information.

Wednesday, March 4, 2009

Just a bit angry today!

This morning I read an article in the Sacramento Bee about the former executives of Countrywide that got rich on bonuses and golden parachutes after they made tons of questionable loans which we are all now paying for. Believe it or not they have taken their wealth and created a company that buys up bad loans from failed banks. They are paying pennies on dollar for these loans and making a killing on collecting. The economy is in the tank, the everyday guy is suffering and these guys are making millions again!

Why do I feel that when this is all said and done the people that will have prospered are the ones who helped create the problem and the borrowers who made risky and poor financial decisions to buy homes they couldn’t afford? Those of us that bought homes we could afford and are making our monthly payments, even when our income has declined and other costs have skyrocketed, will maybe just be lucky get through this recession.

Today, another Washington scheme was announced called the “Making Homes Affordable” initiative. I am not saying the housing market and homeowners shouldn’t get help but there are now so many plans and programs it is confusing and most of my clients, who we help avoid foreclosure, say when they call their lenders and ask about these Government sponsored plans the answer is generally something about we don’t care what you read, send us money or we will foreclose.

There seems to be a breakdown in the communication between Washington and the lenders. Why when we are giving banks billions don’t we get commitments to follow the program? You don’t need to be a rocket scientist to understand “make loans and help borrowers.”

If you want a bit more detail on the latest plan to help you keep your house, check out my column, “Dizzy in Sacramento” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today.

Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Sacramento Real Estate Picking-up Steam


I have been watching and experiencing a steady increase in real estate activity around the Sacramento area. We have a number of new listings, several of which are on fire. Yesterday I listed a great home in a downtown Sacramento neighborhood, 1324 35th Street. The agent “hits” on MLS has been very high and the phone has been ringing non-stop. It is an unfortunate Sacramento short sale but will make a new buyer very happy.

The other property that is hot is another short sale but this one is in Newcastle on over 4 acres. We had an accepted offer which is being reviewed by the seller’s lender but they had to back out because they could not obtain financing. We put it back on the market yesterday and can’t keep up with the requests for more information.

Although the Sacramento listing on 35th Street and the home and acreage in Newcastle are so different they have two striking similarities. First they are priced aggressively and as important they are both beautifully maintained homes with loads of curb appeal, charm and are both move-in ready. No matter what you hear about the market and the economy, price a great house right and they will come!

Tuesday, February 24, 2009

Call it What You Will

In the past two weeks we have seen the Federal stimulus bill, the Homeowner Affordability and Stability Plan and our new California budget which as some provisions to help the housing market. What are these, how do they work and have we finally got all the players headed in the same direction? Take a look at my local real estate column, “Stimulus, Recovery, Stability coming to Sacramento?” over at Rocklin & Roseville Today.

I have had a number of emails in the past few days from some of my readers and I apologize for dropping off a bit in the past few weeks. We have been very busy and I have been feeling a bit under the weather but hopefully I will get back to a more normal schedule and get a few more posts up over the next few days.

Friday, February 13, 2009

Escape from it all!

Here is the view from a listing I have coming on the market soon. This is a unique home in Auburn only minutes from the freeway but a world away from the city and people. There is nothing “track” about this home and it will take a equally unique buyer to make this work. This is not a family home and is best suited for a working couple who want an alternative style home or it could be a great weekend escape pad for someone from San Francisco or the Bay Area.

If you or someone you know might be interested in learning more about this unique property let me know and I will send you more information.

Over at Rocklin & Roseville Today my weekly column this week is, “What is likely to be in the final stimulus bill?

Saturday, February 7, 2009

Important Information for Struggling Sacramento Area Homeowners

There have been some significant changes with lenders that are catching financially strapped homeowners unaware and reducing their alternatives to avoid a foreclosure. If you or someone you know is not making their monthly mortgage payments and thinking they can wait several months before asking for a loan modification or doing a short sale, those days are over. Check out my column over at Rocklin & Roseville Today or at Sacramento Today, “Short Sale Market Changes in Sacramento.”

Thursday, February 5, 2009

Busy Sacramento Week

This past week has been very busy and adds to my belief the real estate market is weather driven or at least it seems that way to me. Every time we get some warm sunny days, I am too busy to spend much time outside! It is nice to see the Sacramento real estate market continuing being active, even if the transactions are always difficult to get closed.
During the past week I have taken three new listings. The first is a very nice home in the Natomas area of Sacramento. This home is just a year old, has tons of upgrades and has been very well cared for. If you or someone you know is looking to buy in this area take a look at 510 Dnieper River Way.

The second listing is also in the Natomas area but since we have some additional work to complete before it is ready to show it is not officially on the market but keep an eye out for it.

The third listing we took this week is unique for a couple of reasons. First, this is a spectacular home on 2 plus acres in Newcastle and it is one the seller never anticipated having to sell so it has been painstakingly remodeled and shows like a dream. These sellers thought they were working with their lender and anticipated a loan modification that would allow them to stay in their home. When negotiations failed the lender quickly filed a notice of default and has set a sale date for later this month. I don’t normally like to work under such pressure but we have had success with this lender and feel if we can get an offer in quickly, we have a chance to delay the sale and avoid foreclosure. For this reason we have priced the home super aggressively. Take a look at 1001 Kentucky Greens Way, and let me know what you think.

I am looking out the window and seeming clouds moving in. Would you know, just as I am catching up!

Tuesday, January 27, 2009

Buying a short sale listing


What do I need to know about buying a short sale listing? This was essentially the question one of my readers sent me last week. I have written a number of articles including “Six Steps to a Successful Short Sale” and “Short Sale Success,” on using short sales to avoid foreclosure but have not spent much time addressing the buyer in a short sale transaction.

If you or someone you know is considering buying a home in the Sacramento and Roseville area you will more than likely look at one or more short sale listings. What should you know and be prepared for if a short sale turns out to be the home of your dreams? Check out my Rocklin & Roseville Today column, “Short Sale Question & Answer,” and read what I have to say on the subject.

Other News: Getting some rain last week was great but I am enjoying the sun this week and using its energy to keep up with everything that is going on in the Sacramento real estate market. We have some new listings that will be on the market in the next week or so plus several clients who are actively looking for homes.

Friday, January 23, 2009

Stop Sacramento Foreclosures


A total of 523,624 California properties received foreclosure filings, including default notices, auction sale notices and repossessions in 2008. This was a 110 percent increase from 2007 and almost five times as many compared to 2006.
The city Stockton registered the highest foreclosure rate in California and the nation with a 9.46 percent of its housing receiving a foreclosure filing during the year. Other California cities in the nation’s 100 largest metropolitan areas in 2008 included Riverside-San Bernardino at number 3, Bakersfield at number 4 and our own Sacramento at number 9.
Sacramento foreclosure filings impacted one in 19 properties or 5.2 percent of all homes. This compares to a rate of one in 54 across the country.
If you or someone you know is struggling to make ends meet and are unable to continue to make mortgage payments on a home where the value is now less than the loan amount, call us. We can help you avoid foreclosure and get you back on the road to financial independence. We have been helping stop Sacramento foreclosures for two years and have an experienced team to guide you through the Short Sale or loan modification process.
If you are interested in learning more about short sales see one of my articles on the subject, “Six Steps to a Successful Short Sale.”

Monday, January 19, 2009

Sacramento Predictions


I was looking at the number of homes currently on the Sacramento area market, how inventory has changed in the past year and the impact on prices and value with so many homes for sale in preparation for writing my weekly columns for Rocklin & Roseville Today and Sacramento Today. I had promised myself I would avoid making predictions in such turbulent times but somehow when you write about how many Sacramento homes for sale last year and this year it seems impossible not to say where you believe this number will go by year-end. If you are interested in seeing what I had to say on the subject check out may latest article, “Sacramento Year End Inventory.”

Martin Luther King Day: Pretty amazing to be celebrating the life of Dr. King and his efforts to break down barriers caused by race on the day before we inaugurate the first African-American President, Barack Obama. Regardless of you political party affiliations and who you voted for tomorrow is a new beginning for America. If there is strength in our culture it comes from optimism and hope that we share for a better tomorrow.

Thursday, January 15, 2009

Short Sale Update


If you have been reading my blog, you know I have spent a good deal of time and energy over the past two years helping Sacramento area homeowners avoid foreclosure by doing short sales and/or loan modifications. In the past month or so I have been ranting about how difficult it has been to deal with Countrywide (“Countrywide Sucks,” published on December 9, 2008). Well, as of this morning we have had two approvals from them in the past week. The one we got this morning is a deal we have been working on since April of last year. The buyer has long since walked, the sellers have abandoned the property, the condition has deteriorated rapidly and the prices in the neighborhood have continued to decline. The price they have agreed to accept is significantly higher than what this home will now sell for but at least it is a positive sign from this lender.

I figure the speed at which Countrywide has moved on this single short sale transaction has cost them in excess of $60,000 and will most likely increase over the next 60-days as we seek a new buyer at a much lower price. No wonder lenders need federal bailouts!

The fact that we have received two approvals from Countrywide in the past week demonstrates they have finally started to understand the cost to them and are improving their process. It may not help with the property I just used as an example but it will help with countless other homes that under the specter of foreclosure.

If you or someone you know is struggling to make their mortgage payments give me a call we may be able to help even if their lender is Countrywide!

Tuesday, January 13, 2009

Positive News in Sacramento Forecast

As soon as the holidays were behind us it seems like the media has again focused on the economy and in particular the negatives. I don’t know about you but when I hear too much negative news it impacts my mental attitude and slows me down. There are some bright spots in regards the Sacramento and the real estate market. I think we should understand the overall situation but take the time to remind ourselves of what is positive.

In my weekly real estate column over at Rocklin & Roseville Today, “Sacramento Economic Forecast,” I highlight some of the strengths of our Sacramento economy and the real estate market positives that were reported in the Sacramento Business Review’s economic forecast. I think they are worth thinking about on this cold winter morning.

Other: Yesterday, I received a phone call from a homeowner asking me to help them avoid foreclosure on a property in Rocklin. They were transferred to Minnesota and have been renting the home for the past year but the tenants are now moving out and they cannot afford to continue to make the payments. This is a typical of the kind of requests I get so I started to get to work.

Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Using Twitter to stay in touch

I have been using twitter for almost 2 years now and it is one of the social networking tools I enjoy the most. It is a flow of short messages from members all around the world and allows users to follow others and read what they have to say as the day progresses. You can carry on conversations, ask questions, get directions and always find someone who can cheer you up. As of today I am following 2,257 users and have 2,102 followers. Some of my twitter colleagues are news organizations such as the Sacramento Bee, CNN and Sacramento Traffic Alerts. You can find and follow a wide range of celebrities such as Madonna and Britney Spears and even get updates from Barack Obama. Most users are just like me, everyday people who do their jobs and enjoy the internet and staying in touch. There is a growing number of spamers using twitter but they are easily controlled.

I recently used twitter to ask some of my “followers,” who are real estate agents; about their local markets and found some similarities with what is happening in our Sacramento area market. Check out my column today at Rocklin & Roseville Today, “Tweeting Real Estate News” to see what I learned.

If you are not familiar with Twitter check it out at www.twitter.com. If you end up joining the thousands of other who are using twitter, follow me at twitter.com/JulieJ and I will follow you back.

Saturday, January 3, 2009

Nothing new in Sacramento or Roseville

I started to blog about some of the November results for our local Sacramento real estate market and quickly became bored. For anyone who reads a newspaper or listens to the news there is nothing new to report. Generally sales are up, median prices and average price per square foot are down. About the only thing of much interest is the number of default filings have dropped, but may be the result of a new state law requiring lenders to contact homeowners who are delinquent on the payments, then wait 30 days before filing a default notice.

As we move into 2009 the inventory of homes for sale has continued the slow decline from the highs we experienced in the summer of 2007 when it was reported by HousingTracker that there were over 18,000 homes for sale in what they define as the Sacramento area. Even with the increased number of foreclosures the inventory of homes has continued to decline and as of mid-December stood at 12,628 down almost 23 percent from a year ago and down 5.9 percent in the past month.

As we move into the spring selling season I would expect to see the decline in homes on the market slow or even increase. There are still way too many houses on the market for the number of buyers but the good news is we are headed in the right direction to achieve a balanced market and some price stability.

If you are interested in more specific numbers about the Sacramento, Roseville or other local communities send me an email to juliej@jalone.com and I would be happy to answer.